#KeynesNote_N2 : Commonly used words & phrases

1- Distributed to Paid-In (#DPI) :
The proportion of the called-up capital that has been distributed or returned back to LPs.

2- #Distressed or Special Situations : Equity or debt securities of a distressed company, or a company where value can be unlocked as a result of a one-time opportunity.

3- #Economic_Exposure : Net Asset Value plus Uncalled Commitments

4- #Equity : Shares issued by a company.

5- #Exit : When a fund sells its equity stake in a company.

6- #Economic_Costs
* Term utilized to describe Management Fees and Carried Interest. 
* For Buyouts Funds, "2 and 20" are descriptive of commonly seen economic costs - or 2% management fee and 20% carried interest.

7- Fund-of-funds : A fund which raises money from institutional investors to invest into private equity and venture capital funds. 

8- Fund-of-One (#Fo1) : An investment structure that has only one LP.

9- #Fundraising : When a VC or PE firm raises capital from institutional investors to form a fund. 

10- #Fund_Benchmark : Primary and Fund of Fund vehicles are benchmarked to Burgiss' Private I Database.

11- #Impact_investment : Also known as social investment, or social impact investment. These are investments made into companies, organizations and funds with the intention to generate a measurable and beneficial social or environmental impact alongside a financial return.

12- #Investee_company : A company which is currently invested in by a private equity or venture capital fund. Also known as a portfolio company.

13- Initial Public Offering (#IPO) : The very first sale of a company’s shares to the public via the stock market.

14- Internal Rate of Return (#IRR) : A measurement of the return generated by an investment. It calculates the return by looking at all of the cash flows from the investment over a given time period.

15- #Leverage : A private equity firm may use leverage (debt) to purchase a company alongside their own investment. A deal using leverage is often called a ‘leverage buyout’ or ‘LBO’. 

16- #Listed/quoted company : A public company with shares listed for trade on the stockmarket. 

17- #Listed_PE : PE funds that are listed on the stock market and raise money from the stock market to invest. 

18- #Management_fees
* These are fees paid by LPs to the GP for managing the fund. They are used to pay for the day-to-day operations of the GP, such as salaries, office rent, utilities bills etc. 
* Usually range from 1.0-2.5% per year.

19- #Management_team : The senior managers of a portfolio/investee company, i.e. CEO, COO, etc.

20- #Organizational/Administrative Fees : 
* Fees that are paid to raise and operate the Fund.
* Capital is drawn by the GP from LPs against their commitment.